---
title: 'Firmware Engineer - Testing at 1X'
canonical: 'https://feeny.ai/job/firmware-engineer-testing-1x-san-carlos-xr69c1z1y5pv'
type: 'job'
last_seen: '2026-11-01'
---

# Firmware Engineer - Testing at 1X

- **Company:** [1X](https://feeny.ai/companies/1x)
- **Location:** San Carlos, CA
- **Employment:** full-time
- **Work type:** onsite
- **Posted:** 2026-10-30
- **Last confirmed live:** 2026-11-01
- **Apply:** https://jobs.ashbyhq.com/1x/4cb3ef10-8755-4050-b5f1-309591626d1c

## Job description

## About 1X

We're building humanoid robots that work in home - doing the chores, handling the tasks, and giving people their time back. Simple, but it's not. To do this right, we have to solve robotics, AI, manufacturing - at the same time, at scale, in a form factor that has to be safe enough to live with your family. If you're inspired by this, you'll thrive here. We've been at this since 2014 and we're at the point where the hard problems are behind us and the hard work is in front of us. NEO is our flagship - a home robot designed to move, learn, and operate in the real world alongside real people. We're not demoing it - we're shipping it. We're excited to meet you, if this excites you. If you've spent your career working on problems that matter and want to see them actually reach the world - this is that moment. We're scaling, we're hiring with intention, and we need people who want to build something that will genuinely change how humans spend their time - safely creating abundance for all.

## About the Team

The Firmware team owns the embedded software on every hardware subsystem in NEO: communication architecture, power management and motor control. That firmware is what lets NEO move safely, take on new hardware quickly and scale across many embedded nodes, and it gates our biggest product milestones on the way to production.

## Your Charter

The mission of this role is to make every firmware release safe to put on robots in people's homes, while keeping firmware developers shipping fast. You own firmware quality across NEO and are the testing partner for every firmware developer on the team. You decide whether a release is ready to go out, and you build the rigs, automation and test plans that tell the team quickly when something is broken.

## Key Outcomes

- Own firmware release quality: define release test criteria, run release qualification and sign off on every firmware release before it reaches the fleet
- Partner with every firmware developer early in feature work to define test strategy, close coverage gaps and get feedback into their hands before code merges, so the team ships faster without breaking the robot
- Build hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test rigs, from single boards to full actuator and robot setups, with fault injection for power, communication and sensor failures and validation of real-time buses (EtherCAT, CAN/CAN FD, SPI, UART, I2C)
- Deliver automated Python regression suites that run in CI on every firmware change with clear pass/fail results, and turn field and fleet issues into new regression tests
- Prove that safety-critical and security behavior works as specified, including fault detection, current and thermal limits, safe torque-off, secure boot and firmware signing, under edge cases and malformed inputs
- Drive fleet robustness by confirming every node recovers to a known safe state without manual intervention after failed or interrupted updates, power loss during flashing, corrupted images and watchdog resets, backed by long-duration soak and stress testing

## Key Competencies

- You treat developer velocity as your own goal. You find out what each firmware engineer needs to test their work and get it to them before they have to ask
- You do whatever the job calls for: manual bench testing, writing automation, building a custom fixture or modifying hardware to reach a hard-to-test condition
- You break complex embedded systems into testable requirements and find the failure modes others miss, especially in fault handling and safety behavior, which you prove rather than assume
- You can work out whether a bug lives in firmware, hardware or the test setup, using a scope, logic analyzer and bus analyzer
- You script anything you run twice, write clear bug reports and push back on unclear requirements, working closely with firmware, electrical, actuator and operations engineers

## Minimum Requirements

- Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering, computer engineering, computer science or a related field, or equivalent experience, with 2+ years of firmware or embedded systems testing
- Demonstrated ability to test embedded systems at the hardware-software boundary, including timing and fault conditions, and to read embedded C/C++ to design targeted tests
- Proven track record of building test automation in Python and Bash, using Git and CI systems such as GitHub Actions, Jenkins or Buildkite
- Experience with communication protocols such as CAN, UART, I2C and SPI
- Experience with lab equipment, hands-on: oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, power supplies, electronic loads and bus analyzers

## Preferred Skills

- Experience in building HIL test systems and automation frameworks (e.g. pytest, Robot Framework), including dynamometers, environmental chambers or fault-injection hardware
- Experience in testing motor control or power electronics firmware (BLDC/PMSM drives, battery management systems, power distribution) and EtherCAT or CAN FD at 1 kHz and above
- Familiarity with safety-critical standards such as IEC 61508, ISO 13849 or ISO 26262, including requirements traceability and verification
- Experience in embedded security testing: secure boot, code signing, hardware security modules or TPMs, fuzzing, penetration testing or fault-injection attacks, and standards such as IEC 62443 or ISO/SAE 21434
- Familiarity with real-time operating systems such as FreeRTOS, SafeRTOS or Zephyr, and a robotics, automotive or IoT device background

What does a successful 1X Team Member look like Team members at 1X who thrive here are builders. They move fast, own their work completely, and treat time like it's the one thing you can't get back - because it is. They say what they mean, finish what they start, and hold themselves to a standard before anyone has to ask. We push each other to be better, and we do it with honesty and respect.

## Compensation Range

$150,000 - $190,000 + Equity

## Benefits

- Comprehensive medical, dental, and vision coverage
- Generous paid time off, company holidays, and parental leave
- 401(k) plan with company match (100% on the first 3% of contributions, 50% on the next 2%)
- Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA) and Health Savings Accounts (HSA) options
- Commuter benefits (transit and parking)
- Short-term and long-term disability, and life insurance
- Employee Assistance Program (EAP) for mental health, financial, and personal support
- Onsite snacks and catered lunches

## Equal Opportunity Employer

1X is an Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, age, marital status, medical condition, genetic information, disability, military or veteran status, justice system impact, or any other characteristic protected under applicable federal, state, or local law.

## About 1X

## Company Overview
- **One-liner**: 1X develops general-purpose humanoid robots for home and industrial environments, combining AI and hardware to automate everyday tasks.
- **Entity Type**: Private (Series B funding stage)
- **Headquarters**: Palo Alto, California, United States
- **Founded**: 2015
- **Founders**: Bernt Øyvind Børnich

## Core Business
- **Primary industry**: Robotics Engineering / Artificial Intelligence
- **Target customers**: B2C (home consumers via NEO) and B2B/Enterprise (industrial tasks via EVE)
- **Mission**: Build a truly abundant society through general-purpose robots capable of performing any kind of work autonomously, allowing humans to focus on what they love.

## Products & Services
- **NEO**: A friendly home humanoid robot designed to integrate seamlessly into daily life and handle chores. Currently in early access after the NEO Beta (2024) and NEO Gamma (2025) iterations. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/about)
- **EVE**: A wheeled industrial humanoid deployed in factories worldwide for autonomous industrial tasks. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/about)
- **Revo1**: A high-torque-to-weight drive servo motor inspired by human tendon actuation, used in 1X robots. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/about)
- **1X World Model**: A physics-grounded video model that enables NEO to learn autonomously from text or voice commands. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)

## Market Standing
- **Valuation**: Not publicly disclosed
- **Key Metric**: Total funding of $169M as of mid-2026, with a $100M Series B led by EQT Ventures in January 2024. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
- **Notable Investors/Partners**: EQT Ventures (lead), plus other investors in secondary rounds. Acquired Kind Humanoid in January 2025. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
- **Growth Signals**: 
  - Headcount grew 121.2% YoY to 394 employees. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
  - Full-scale production of NEO began in Hayward, CA, with capacity to build 10,000 units per year. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
  - New Palo Alto HQ consolidated teams from Sunnyvale and Moss, Norway. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
  - Appointed Mohi Khansari as Head of Robot Learning (January 2026) and Vikram Kothari as VP of Operations (August 2025). [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)

## Competitive Advantages
- **Vertical integration**: Owns manufacturing in Hayward (U.S.) and Moss (Norway), controlling the full production stack.
- **Proprietary hardware**: Revo1 servo motor offers world-leading torque-to-weight ratio, enabling flexible, low-gear-ratio robotics.
- **AI-first approach**: The 1X World Model allows robots to learn physical tasks via simulation and self-supervised video prediction, reducing need for manual programming.
- **Early home deployment**: NEO is one of the first humanoid robots entering private homes, giving 1X real-world data and feedback loops.

## Strategic Focus
- Scaling NEO production and expanding early access to more households across the U.S.
- Enhancing AI capabilities through the World Model and reinforcement learning (e.g., Redwood mobility controller).
- Building a robust supply chain and service network for home robots.
- Continuing enterprise deployments of EVE while shifting emphasis to the consumer market.

## Why Work Here
- **Culture**: Fast-paced, mission-driven environment focused on building humanoid robots that coexist with humans. Strong emphasis on AI, hardware, and real-world impact.
- **Work model**: Likely on-site for hardware and AI roles (multiple offices in Palo Alto, San Carlos, Sunnyvale, Hayward, and Moss). Some software roles may offer flexibility.
- **Notable perks**: Opportunity to work on cutting-edge robotics and AI, contribute to a product (NEO) that is already entering homes, and be part of a rapidly scaling company with strong funding.
- **Engineering culture**: High concentration of talent from Tesla, Apple, Google, and SpaceX. Active research in biomechanics, reinforcement learning, and simulation. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)
- **Open roles**: 65+ positions listed on the careers page across AI, hardware, software, operations, and manufacturing. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/careers)

## Sources
1. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/about)
2. [1x.tech](https://www.1x.tech/careers)
3. [linkedin.com](https://www.linkedin.com/company/1x-technologies)

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